PSG has now won the season-opening trophy on fourteen different times.
The Parisian giants needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a perfect penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in the Gulf and secure a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The European champions seemed to be sailing towards a comfortable triumph in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup holders after the French winger opened the scoring early on.
Yet, the southern French side fired twice in the closing moments to take a surprise advantage. Initially, the English forward converted from the spot-kick, before the defender inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking twist of fortune, the Portuguese striker snatched a crucial equaliser in the dying seconds to send the contest into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, saving decisive kicks from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all converted successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a convincing shootout win.
Now 14-time winners Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now lifted this trophy for the 12th time in the last 13 years.